The government or highly reputable organizations issue certifications. In most cases, imports are not allowed entry into a country without the prescribed certifications. As commerce becomes more globalized, standards on safety, security and quality are also calibrated to meet internationally accepted levels.
An example is the Halal certification issued by Moslem nations. This kind of certification ensures that raw and processed food are handled and manufactured according to Islamic laws. Another example is the ISO certification. Certification has many versions referring to the different aspects of a business or company -- from file and record keeping, to manufacturing processes, to human resource management, among others. There is also the European-originated certification: HACCP or the Hazard Analysis Critical Control Point. Manufacturers of food products need to be HACCP certified before they can import their goods to Europe, and lately, even the United Sates. This standard analyzes all the important steps and procedures employed in the manufacturing and delivery of the goods. For each point in the process, HACCP has a recommended standard and guideline that must be met and satisfied.
Without the proper certification, manufacturers and producers will find it very difficult to penetrate markets. And with stiff business competition everywhere, companies cannot afford to lose money by being seen as substandard because they lack certification. For most companies, certifications from international bodies are important in their financial survival.
